Illustrating Areas of Distribution-The Distribution of the Species Specific Areas-Specific Range of Birds-GenericĪreas-Separate and Overlapping Areas-The Species of Tits as Species-Areas of Distribution-Extent and Limitations of Importance of Locality as an Essential Character of Subjects for the Study of Distribution-Outline of the Subjects to Lines of inquiry, Biological and Physical-Islands offer the best Japan-Australia and New Zealand-Bali and Lombok-FloridaĪnd Bahama Islands-Brazil and Africa-Borneo, Madagascar, andĬelebes-Problems in Distribution to be found in everyĬountry-Can be Solved only by the Combination of many distinct Remarkable Contrasts in the Distribution of Animals-Britain and THE DISPERSAL OF ORGANISMS ITS PHENOMENA, LAWS, AND CAUSES CHAPTER I Two chapters dealing with the New Zealand flora. Hooker has given me the invaluable benefit of his remarks on my The passages referring to the birds of the Madagascar group while Sir Of the Geological Survey, has read the chapters which discuss the glacialĮpoch and other geological questions Professor A. Mammals of Europe and the North Temperate zone Mr. Has looked over those parts of the earlier chapters which relate to the The benefit of valuable emendations and suggestions. Gentlemen who have been kind enough to read over the proofs of chaptersĭealing with questions on which they have special knowledge, giving me Besides those whose assistance isĪcknowledged in the body of the work, I am especially indebted to four I have now only to thank the many friends and correspondents who have Nature and frequency of climatal changes throughout geological time. Result of "evolution" (2) The permanence of the great features of theĭistribution of land and water on the earth's surface and, (3) The Wide extension of all groups now discontinuous, as being a necessary These doctrines are those which establish and define-(1) The former Such problems than have been hitherto possible. In many cases lead to a far simpler and yet more complete solution of Treating problems in Geographical Distribution, owing to the firmĮstablishment of a number of preliminary doctrines or "principles," which generally that, so far as IĪm able to judge, a real advance has here been made in the mode of Very large additions have been made to the mammalia andīirds of Borneo, and full lists of the peculiar species are given. Lists of peculiar British animals and plants embodying the most recentĬhapter XVII. Important additions and corrections have been made in the Islands, while a much fuller account has been given of its highlyĬhapter XVI. Considerable additions have been made to this chapterĮmbodying the recent discoveries of birds and insects new to the Sandwich Several additions to the Fauna of the Galapagos haveĬhapter XV. Croll's remarks, and the argument rendered clearer.Ĭhapter XIII. The discussion of the causes of Glacial EpochsĪnd Mild Arctic Climates has been somewhat modified in view of the lateĭr. The account of the migrations of animals and plantsĭuring and since the Glacial Epoch, has been modified to accord withĬhapters VIII and IX. The more important of these changes areĬhapter VII. Islands during the last twelve years considerable additions orĪlterations have been required. Great increase to our knowledge of the Natural History of some of the This edition has been carefully revised throughout, and owing to the Verbal alterations have also been made at pages 41, 105, 356, and Geomalacus maculosus, as a peculiar British A species of Carex peculiar to Bermuda is now given. Large trees on shores and in recent drift in high latitudes, is now Colonel Fielden's explanation of the occurrence of Great submergence during the glacial epoch. Many geologists now hold that there was no Statement modified as to supposed glaciation of South Taken of making a few corrections, the most important of which are here The first issue of this Edition being exhausted, the opportunity is WHO, MORE THAN ANY OTHER WRITER, HAS ADVANCED OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS, AND ESPECIALLY OF INSULAR FLORAS, I Dedicate this Volume ON A KINDRED SUBJECT, AS A TOKEN OF ADMIRATION AND REGARD. The Right of Translation and Reproduction is Reserved SECOND AND REVISED EDITION London MACMILLAN AND CO. OR THE PHENOMENA AND CAUSES OF INSULAR FAUNAS AND FLORAS INCLUDING A REVISION AND ATTEMPTED SOLUTION OFĪUTHOR OF "THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO," "THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS,"
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